In , Cornish chemist and inventor Sir Humphry Davy was the first person to successfully isolate calcium. This time, Davy repeated their electrolysis method on the same calcium amalgam, but he added more lime to the mixture, producing more of the amalgam from which he was able to distill away the mercury, leaving only calcium, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry. Once calcium had been successfully isolated, the element was able to be studied further, revealing its importance for the survival of all living things.
Calcium is extremely important to the human body. Not only is it vital for bones and teeth, but it assists in muscle movement by carrying messages from the brain to all our body parts. Cells in all living things must communicate with, or "signal," one another. Calcium ions act as vital messengers between these cells and are necessary in all multicellular life forms.
They also assist in the release of hormones and enzymes. In food, calcium is found in mineral form. Foods high in calcium include dairy products — such as milk, cheese and yogurt — and some vegetables, such as kale, watercress, spinach and broccoli. In order for calcium to absorb properly, it should be taken with vitamin D. Magnesium is also necessary for proper assimilation and use of calcium in the body. In fact, if we take too much calcium and not enough magnesium, it can cause problems in the body.
Not only is calcium essential for human life, but it is also an essential nutrient for plant growth. In most types of soils, calcium is made available to plants through the weathering of minerals.
As an alkaline earth metal, calcium plays a vital role in controlling soil pH potential of hydrogen , a measure of the soil's acidity or alkalinity. The emphasis of this activity was on cooperative learning and creativity. Back to the top. Lithium is a chemical element on the Periodic Table with the symbol Li and the atomic number 3. I drew the Swedish flag because lithium was discovered in Sweden. I illustrated Johan August Arfwedson because he discovered this chemical element in The magenta colour at the top of my artwork represents the magenta flame that lithium produces.
I also included images of lithium pills and lithium batteries. Lithium can be found in pills used to prevent illnesses such as depression and manic syndrome. Lithium batteries are frequently used to power electric cars, some computers and medical devices.
Department of Chemistry C2 University Ave. Contact Chemistry Work for Chemistry. Institute for Quantum Computing. Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology. Provide website feedback. The University of Waterloo acknowledges that much of our work takes place on the traditional territory of the Neutral, Anishinaabeg and Haudenosaunee peoples. Our main campus is situated on the Haldimand Tract, the land granted to the Six Nations that includes six miles on each side of the Grand River.
The metal is trimorphic, harder than sodium , but softer than aluminium. It is less chemically reactive than alkaline metals and than the other alkaline-earth metals. Calcium ions solved in water form deposits in pipes and boilers and when the water is hard, that is, when it contains too much calcium or magnesium.
This can be avoided with the water softeners. In the industry, metallic calcium is separated from the melted calcium chloride by electrolysis. This is obtained by treatment of carbonated mineral s with chlorhydric acid, or like a sub product of the carbonates Solvay process. In contact with air, calcium develops an oxide and nitride coating, which protects it from further corrosion. It burns in the air at a high temperature to produce nitride. The commercially produced metal reacts easily with water and acids and it produces hydrogen which contains remarkable amounts of ammonia and hydrocarbides as impurities.
The metal is used in aluminium alloys for bearings, as a helper in the bismuth removal form lead, as well as in controlling graphitic carbon in melted iron. It is also used as a deoxidizer in the manufacture of many steels; as a reducing agent in the preparation of metals as chromium , thorium , zirconium and uranium , and as separating material for gaseous mixtures of nitrogen and argon. Calcium is an alloying used in the production of alluminium , beryllium , copper , lead and magnesium alloys.
It is also used in making cements and mortar that are used in builldings. The calcium oxide, CaO, is produced by thermal decomposition of carbonated minerals in furnaces, applying a continuous bed process. The oxide is used in high intensity light arcs lime light for its unusual spectral characteristics and as dehydrating industrial agent.
The metallurgic industry extensively uses the oxide during the reduction of ferrous alloys. The calcium oxide, Ca OH 2 , has many applications in which the hydroxyl ion is necessary. In the process of calcium hydroxide quenching, the volume of blown out lime [Ca OH 2 ] expends to double the initial quantity of quick lime CaO , fact that makes it useful to break down rocks or wood.
The quick lime is an excellent absorbent for the carbon dioxide, because it produces carbonate, which is very insoluble. The calcium silicate, CaSi, prepared in an electric oven from lime, silica and reducing carbonated agents, is useful as a steel-deoxidizing agent.
The acetylene is the base material of a great number of important chemicals for the organic industrial chemistry. The pure calcium carbonate occurs in two crystalline forms: calcite, hexagonal shaped, which possesses birrefringent properties, and aragonite, rhombohedric. The natural carbonates are the most abundant calcium minerals. The Iceland spar and the calcite are essentially pure carbonate forms, whilst the marble is impure and much more compact, reason why it can be polished.
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